不同基因型春小麦根系对低磷胁迫的生物学响应

The Biological Response of Root System of Different Genotypes Spring Wheat to Low Phosphorus Stress

选用3个春小麦品种(加春1号、2号、4号)作为试验材料,研究了低磷胁迫下不同基因型春小麦根系的形态学与生理学特征,结果表明:(1)在缺磷环境中,小麦的根重、根数、总根长、总吸收面积、根活力、根系SOD及POD活性、根系活性吸收面积均明显降低,但根冠比与根系分枝密度明显增加。不同基因型间变化趋势相似,但变化幅度存在明显差异。(2)根系的形态与生理学特征存在着明显的基因型差异,而且在低磷水平下这种差异表现的更为突出。表明作物品种之间对磷胁迫反应存在差异。(3)根系形态学和生理学特征可以作为筛选高效吸磷小麦品种的参考指标。在供试的三个基因型中,加春1号对低磷环境的适应性最强。

The differences in morphological and physiological characters of three wheat varieties to low phosphorus stress were studied using solution culture. The results were presented as the follow： （1） Comparing with the control group, the spring wheat seedlings unders low phosphorus stress were low in height and short in root length ;and numbers of roots, the activity of SOD and POD of the roots, total root length, total absorbing area, root dry weight, active absorbing area and root atctivity decreased drarnatically, but the stress obviously increased the root/shoot ratio and Lateral root numbers; the change tendencies of different genotypes were similar, but the range of changes was different remarkably; （2） The morphological and physiological characters were significantly different among 3 wheat genotypes, as the concentration of P decreased, the variations of corresponding parameters increased; （3） The morphological and physiological characters of roots could be reference to screen P efficient uptake in wheat, and Jiachun 1 was most tolerant to the low concentration of P in the genotypes.