我国大学生田径运动员的应激与应激源的调查研究

Investigation Research on the Stress and Stress Sources of College Athletes of the Track and Field in China

通过对我国612名大学生田径运动员应激感受状态的调查研究,构建包含身体、学习、家庭、就业、社会和性6个维度(30子项)的应激源量表。结合马腾斯(R.Martens)1990年编制的《运动竞赛状态焦虑量表》共同对被试施测,统计分析结果显示:大学生运动员最主要的应激源是就业问题和学习问题;性别差异,运动水平、文化程度的不同均出现应激感受的显著差异;应激和认知焦虑有显著相关,学习问题是造成大学生运动员认知焦虑的主要影响因素。大学生运动员群体的压力舒缓应该引起教育部门的充分重视。

According to the study of 612 college athletes in our country, this study established a table of the stress sources, including body, study, family, work, society and gender, with totally six dimensions, and thirty subjects, the athletes were also tested with ＂The Competitive State Anxiety Inventory- 2＂（ R. Martens, 1990 ）, the statistical analytical conclusion can be summarized as follows ： the main sources of stress which affected college athletes were work and study ; the differences on gender, sport level and education made the athletes have different stress feelings; stress had a apparent relation with the cognitive anxiety ; the problems in relation to the study is the main source which caused the cognitive anxiety of the college athletes. The releasing of stress among the group of college athletes should be drawn by the administrations of the education in China.