纳米固体超强酸ZrO_2/SO_4^(2-)的制备及其苯催化硝化

Preparation of Nanosolid Superacid ZrO_2/SO_4^(2-) and catalytic nitration of benzene

采用纳米化学技术制备了新型的纳米固体超强酸催化剂ZrO2/SO24-,并用XRD、TEM进行了表征。结果表明:所研制的ZrO2/SO42-催化剂为晶态纳米粒子,平均粒径为41nm,分散性较好;考察了在不同工艺条件下苯硝化反应的收率影响因素,找出优化反应条件为:催化剂活化温度620℃,反应温度75℃,n(硝酸)∶n(苯)=2∶1,m(苯)∶m(催化剂)=30∶1,反应时间6h,收率达85.0%。

The new nanosolid superacid ZrO2/SO4^2- was prepared using nanometer chemical technology, and was characterized by XRD and TEM. The results showed that ZrO2/SO4^2- was superfine nanocrystal solid, and its average size was 41 nm with good distribution. The influences of benzene nitration reaction on the yield were investigated by orthogonal design in various process conditions. The optimum reaction conditions were obtained as follow： the activated temperature of catalyst was 620℃, and the reaction was carried out at 75 ℃ for 4 h with n（nitric acid）：n （benzene） = 2.0：1 and m （benzene）：re（catalyst）=30： 1. The total yield was 85.0% under the optimal conditions.