道德心理学的基本理论问题

Basic Theoretical Issues on Moral Psychology

道德由道德认知、道德情感和道德行为三个成分组成。道德心理学领域主要有四种理论,即精神分析理论、社会学习理论、认知发展理论和进化心理学理论。这些理论对道德心理学的一些基本理论问题的观点不同。这些问题包括:什么是道德,道德具有怎样的结构,环境因素和个体特点对道德的产生和发展具有怎样的影响,道德发展具有连续性还是阶段性,道德认知和道德行为具有何种联系。

The morality comprises moral cognitions, moral feelings, and moral behaviors. There are four major theories in the area of moral psychology. They are psychoanalytic theory, social learning theory, cognitive - developmental theory, and evolutionary psychology. These theories disagree regarding the major issues of moral psychology. These issues includes concept and structure of morality, whether morality is constructed by environment or by individuals themselves, whether morality develops incrementally or stage by stage, how naoral cognitions relate to moral behaviors.