博格达山南坡黑沟冰川融水径流

Glacier Meltwater Runoff pn the South Slope of the Bogeda Mt.-Taking the Heigou as an Example

提要 黑沟8号冰川的冰川融水径流与气温间呈二次抛物线关系:Q=a+bT+cT^2。冰川融水对气温的响应有一定滞后期,一般为1—3天。在不同时期、不同气温条件下,产流机制亦有所不同。纯冰川融水径流模数达73.14dm^3/skm^2,相应径流深达853.10mm。冰川融水集中于夏季,占90.7%,而纯冰川消融量占到69.1％。冰川对河流的补给比达46.9％。

From 1985 to 1986, a study on glacio-hydrology was made on the south slope of the Bogeda Mt. (5445 m a.s.l.)- The observation point was located at the outlet (3380 m a.s.l.). of a glacier dammed lake with a distance to the terminus of Glacier No. 8 in the heigou. The area controlled by the observation is 29.83 km. among which the glaciated area is 13.07 km, 43.81% of the whole area. The following conclusions were drawn from analysing and simulating the observation for two years: 1. The relationship between glacial discharge and air temperature is a parabolic curve expressed as: Q =1.3513+0.3356T+0,0760T (the coefficient of correlation r = 0.87 when T>-2.2℃). In the equation, Q sdenotes the 10-day average runoff (m/s) from June to August, T the 10-day average temperature(℃) from June to August. 2. There is a lag time (generally 1-3 days) for glacier meltwater runoff to respond to the temperature change because of regulation of the storage area on / near a glacier, which obviously regulates meltwater runoff. It was found by self correlation analysis that the runoff from day to day is dependent, but selfcorrelation coefficient declines exponentially with the increase of lag time.3. It is well known that the ablation concentrates in summer for continental glaciers. Summer ablation on Glacier No. 8 in the Heigou is 90.7% of the total annual ablation. Net ice ablation is 69. Wo of the total annual ablation. The runoff module of net glacier ablation is up to 73.4 dm / s ?km equivalent to 835.1 mm of runoff depth. The percentage of glacier runoff to river is 46.9% above the outlet.