堆肥浸提物和堆肥茶抑制爪哇根结线虫的盆栽试验

Suppressive Capacity of Compost Extracts and Compost Tea Against the Root-knot Nematode Meloidogyne javanica on Tomato in Potting Tests

利用腐熟堆肥的浸提液(1∶3,W/V)和由浸提液制备的堆肥茶作为盆栽番茄的液态肥,以评估其对爪哇根结线虫(Meloidogyne javanica)种群的影响。盆栽番茄苗并于4周龄时接种根结线虫第二期幼虫(J2)。试验期间用30%稀释的堆肥浸提液和堆肥茶原液淋灌。与对照组相比,在接种35 d后,堆肥茶使根部的根结数量约下降56.9%,土壤和根中的线虫数量分别下降了45.5%和33.9%;接种70 d后,根结数量约下降51.4%,土壤和根中的线虫数量分别下降了49.4%和66.3%。随着堆肥浸提物和堆肥茶使用浓度的增加,根结数量和最终种群数量均呈指数降低,堆肥茶的效果略优于浸提液。

The use of compost extraction(1/3, W/V)and compost tea as an amendment to potting mixtures were assessed for the management of Meloidogyne javanica. Amending the potting mixture with compost tea diluted at rate of 30 % (V/V) reduced the root galling (56.9 %) and final nematode population (45.5 % in soil and 33.9 % in root separately) of M javanica in tomato as compared with the control at 35 d after inoculation. 70 d later, root galling and final nematode population reduced by 51.4 %, 49.4 %,and 66.3 % respectively. In tomato, increasing the rate of compost extraction or compost tea exponentially reduced the root galling and final population of M javanica. A reasonable control effect will be achieved by employing the compost tea at rate of 30- 40% dilution (V/V).