禽流感病毒的宿主特异性和致病性分子基础

Molecular Base of Host Speciality and Pathogenicity of Avian Influenza Virus

禽流感病毒可感染许多鸟类和哺乳动物,但是其自然宿主范围通常限于野生水禽,如野鸭、海鸥等。近年来出现新的特征,可以感染人类、猫、虎等动物,突破了宿主限制性,出现种间传播。这与其宿主特异性变化和致病力变异有关。为此,依据禽流感病毒的致病特性、抗原蛋白(血凝素蛋白HA)特性和宿主细胞受体特点,结合其它影响因素,阐述了流感病毒的宿主特异性和致病性分子基础,以进一步认识禽流感病毒。

Avian influenza virus can cause serious disease in a wide variety of birds and mammals, but generally its natural host range is limited to wild ducks and gulls. In recent years new property of avian influenza virus appeared. Human, tiger and cat could be infected by the virus. Host restriction was broken through and interspecies transmission came forth. This is associated with variation of host-range and virulence. Therefore, in order to understand it further, molecular base of both host speciality and pathogenicity of the virus were expatiated on,according to pathogenic characteristics, traits of antigenic protein (Hemagglutinin, HA) of avian influenza virus and property of host cell, togther with other influencing factors.