青藏公路风火山地区的热融滑塌

Thaw Slumping in Fenghuo Mountain Area Along Qinghai-Xizang Highway

提要 风火山地区热融滑塌按其运动方式可归纳为坍塌沉陷式和牵引滑动式两类,各类按其表面形状的差异又可分出不同的形态。修筑各种挡墙和土埝,可以控制热融滑塌的发展。

This paper discussed the development conditions, influencing factors, types, forms, dynamic variations and prevention and control measures of thaw slumping in Fenghuo Mountain area along the Qinghai-Xizang Highway. The types, forms and development speeds of thaw slumping basically depend on the topography, slope gradient, composition and moisture condition of the surfacial soil and vegetation cover. On the basis of its movement mode, thaw slumping can be classified into following two types: slump-sink and draw-glide types. Each type can be further classified into following forms based on their shapes: The slump-sink type: Armchairlike and beltlike forms the draw-glide type: multi-heads tonguelike, striplike and branchlike forms. The development of thaw sluping can be controlled by constructing various types of retaining wall and soil bank.