外语语言焦虑的探究及应对策略

The Study of Foreign Language Anxiety and the Strategy to Overcome Its Passive Effects

随着人本主义心理学的发展,焦虑等情感因素越来越受到重视。70年代后期及80年代,语言教育专家和研究者就开始探索如何把情感发展渗透到语言教学之中以消除焦虑的问题。作者认为引发焦虑主要有两大因素:与学习者个性有关的因素,如,学习者的自尊心强弱程度、心理宽容程度、自我界定的明确与否等;与学习者外界相关的因素,如,某一学习者与周围的学习者没有认同感,则焦虑程度往往很高;教师与学习者之间的交流形式和内容可能诱发学习者的焦虑心理等。同时,作者认为应该将情感因素渗透到教学活动中,从而消除学习中的焦虑,并且尝试性地提出了一些建议。

With the development of humanistic psychology, the affective aspects, such as anxiety are gaining more and more attention. From the late 70s and the early 80s,the educational experts and researchers began to study how to use the affective aspects to overcome the effects of anxiety. The causes of anxiety belong to two groups：personal aspects, such as self-esteem, ego boundaries etc. surrounding aspects, such as the relation between teacher and student, and among students. At the same time, some suggestions are given.