IgM捕获ELISA应用于婴幼儿急性下呼吸道病毒感染早期诊断

DETECTION OF IgM ANTIBODIES BY AC-ELISA FOR EARLY DIAGNOSIS IN CHILDREN WITH ACUTE LOWER RESPIRATORY VIRAL INFECTION

利用抗人IgM μ链单克隆抗体和羊抗人IgMμ链抗体作为捕获抗体,建立了检测呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、腺病毒(AdV)和副流感病毒(PFV)抗体IgM的5层捕获ELISA方法。本法特异性好,较间接ELISA法敏感。用以检测RSV、PFV、AdV的抗体IgM与患儿血清IgG类抗体4倍增高的符合率较高。呼吸道分泌物抗原检测阳性者,血清RSV-IgM阴性率86.67％(13/15);PFV-IgM阳性率76.47％(13/17)。RSV、PFV、AdV感染发病后5天,IgM检出率均达70％以上。同时观察到RSV再次感染其IgM抗体有可能反应加强。本文认为5层捕获ELISA法对RSV、PFV和AdV急性下呼吸道感染是可靠的诊断方法之一。

Three five-component solid phase capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent aslays were set up to test serum IgM antibodies against respiratory syncy-tial virus(RSV),Parainfluenzu vinus(PFV)and Adcnovirus(AdV)using anti- μ chain monoclonal or hyperimmuned polyclonal antibody. By destorying IgM with 2-ME, inhibiting test and examnation of known IgM positive sera with different viral infections, the specificity of the three methods was confirmed. The IgM detection compared fourfold increase in IgG demonstrated that the two tests gave approximately the same results. 15 young children who were RSV antigen positive in nasopharyngeal secretion were tested for RSV -IgM in thier sera and 13 were positive (86.67%). Out of 17 young children who were PFV antigen positive in nasopharygeal secretion,13 were found to be positive for IgM in their sera ( 76.47%). RSV,PFV or AdV specific IgM antibodies can be detected in about 70% of children 5 days after the onset of illness.Capture-ELISA was shown to be a reliable technique in detecting specific IgM antibodies to RSV, PIV, AdV infections.