重庆三峡库区移民前后生活质量对比分析

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE FOR THE RESIDENTS OF THREE GORGES RESERVOIR BEFORE-AND-AFTER MIGRATION IN CHONGQING.

目的:探讨重庆三峡库区移民前后居民物质生活质量(Quality of life,QOL)变化情况,分析影响库区居民QOL的因素。方法:建立适合库区居民物质QOL的指标体系,对库区移民进行问卷调查;采用综合指数法,用SPSS12.0、SAS8.1统计数据。结果:移民前城乡居民QOL综合指数(CI)分别为38.62、28.16;移民后分别上升为46.42、36.08。城镇居民移民后QOL较移民前有显著改善(t=3.333,P<0.01);农村居民移民后亦有显著改善(t=4.058,P<0.05)。不论是城镇还是农村,一级指标指数增长大于10的为住房状况、水电气、邮电通讯、环境卫生;增长大于0而小于10的指标为交通、医疗卫生、文化教育、消费;社会治安方面略呈负增长。结论:三峡库区移民后居民QOL有一定改善和提高,但一级指标指数增长幅度有较大的差异,农村移民后遗留的问题较城镇更多。必须加快库区经济建设,继续提高库区移民生活质量,早日实现全面小康。

Objective： To discuss the change of the QOL for the residents before and after the migration, and to analyse the factors that affect the QOL. Methods： The index system about QOL was designed for the residents of the three gorges reservoir, and the residents were interviewed by the questionnaire. The QOL in virtue of the complex index （CI） were calculated by SPSS12.0 and SASS.1. Results： Before migration, the complex indexes （CI） about QOL of the people living in town and countryside were 38.62 and 28.16 respectivdy. And after migration, the figure were 46.42 and 36.08 respectively So there were remarkables changes both in the town and the countryside after migration, the statistical result of people living in town was t = 3. 333 and P〈 0.01, the value of people live in countryside was t = 4.058 and P〈0.005. Nevertheless, the gap among increasing margins of these first indexes was markedly existed. Conclusions： After migration, the QOL for the residents in the three gorges reservoir is improved. The problems which were left by the countryside immigrant after migration is more remarkable than those of the town immigrant, The economic development should be expediated and the whole QOL for all the residents in the area should continue be raised.