固定化高效混合菌好氧处理印染废水的研究

Study on Treatment of Printing and Dyeing Wastewater by Immobilized Aerobic High Efficiency Mixed Strains

当采用传统的生物法处理印染废水时,对COD和色度的去除率往往不高,为此考察了高效菌和活性污泥相结合处理印染废水的可行性。经筛选得到8株高效脱色菌株,比较了高效混合菌与活性污泥等量混合接种及单纯活性污泥接种的固定化系统处理印染废水的效果。结果表明,前者的生物膜形成快,对pH、温度的适应范围宽,且菌种活性高;在HRT=10 h的条件下,对色度、COD的去除率分别达75%、85%以上,比后者分别高20%、7.5%,出水水质达到了《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978—1996)的一级标准。此外,在实际应用中无需对该废水进行厌氧酸化预处理,这大大降低了投资及运行费用。

When treating printing and dyeing wastewater by the conventional biological process, the low removal rates of COD and color were obtained. The feasibility of the treatment of this kind of wastewater with the combination of high efficiency mixed strains and activated sludge was studied. Equal quantity of mixed culture of eight strains and activated sludge were simultaneously inoculated in an aerobic bioreactor. It was then immobilized to treat practical printing and dyeing wastewater by comparing simultaneously with single activated sludge inoculated in an identical bioreactor under same conditions. Results show that the stable biofilm of the former is completed faster than the latter; it endures a wide range of pH and temperature of wastewater and demonstrates high activity of the mixed strains. When comparing with the latter, the removal of color and COD by the former reaches 75% and 85% and increases by 20% and 7.5% in the final effluent at HRT = 10 h, respectively, which reaches the class I of the Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard （GB 8978 -1996）. Besides, due to no need of the acidification treatment in the practical application, the reactor can decrease consumedly project investment and running expenses.