辽宁地区居民高血压流行现况

The Epidemiological Status of Hypertension in Residents of Liaoning Province

目的了解辽宁地区居民高血压流行现况及防治效果,为制定我省相应干预措施提供科学依据。方法对居住在辽宁省7个地区15岁及以上的居民,采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,由经过统一培训的调查人员进行调查,内容包括一般情况、性别、职业、文化程度、婚姻状况、吸烟、饮酒、职业性体力活动等以及测量身高、体重、血压和腰围(WC),并进行分析。结果居民血压均值为(126±22/79±12)mmHg,男性(128±21/80±12)mmHg,女性(125±23/78±11)mmHg,男性SBP与DBP均大于女性,经t检验,差别有统计学意义(P<0.01);城市居民(127±11/80±11)mmHg,农村居民(125±21/78±12)mmHg,城市SBP与DBP均大于农村,经t检验,差别有统计学意义(P<0.01)。SBP和DBP均随年龄的增长而升高,经方差分析,差别有统计学意义(P<0.01)。高血压2484人,患病率为29.4%,标化率为22.5%。男、女性患病率分别为31.5%,27.7%,男性高于女性(χ2=14.9,P<0.01);城市、农村患病率分别为32.3%,25.4%,城市高于农村(χ2=46.7,P<0.01)。高血压患病率均随年龄增加而升高,差别有统计学意义(χ2=1408.5,P<0.01)。不同教育程度、职业、婚姻状况、职业和体质指数(BMI)人群高血压患病率比较,差别均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。有家族史、饮酒、体力活动较低和腹部肥胖者的高血压患病率高于无家族史、不饮酒、体力活动较重和WC正常者,差别均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。1、2、3级高血压患病率分别占61.2%,24.4%,14.4%。不同地区、性别和年龄人群高血压患病率比较,差别均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在调查的8452人中有63人问答缺失,居民曾经测过血压的有4003人,占47.7%。无论地区、性别测过血压的比例均为城市大于农村,女性大于男性,经χ2检验,差别均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。高血压患者中知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为27.7%,20.6%和4.2%。其中前2项指标中城市大于农村,女性大于男性,经χ2检验,差别均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。控制率中城市男女比较,差别无统计学意义,而农村女性大于男性,差别有统计学意义(χ2=5.4,P<0.01)。结论辽宁地区高血压流行现况及发展趋势不容乐观,防治效果欠佳,需加大该地区综合防治力度。

Objective To describe the epidemiological characteristics and the control effect of hypertension in Liaoning area. Methods 8 452 Residents aged 15 and above 7 districts, Liaoning province, were selected with the multistage clustering sampling in 2002. Trained staff conducted the investigation on their economic status, gender, occupation, education, marriage, smoking, drinking, occupational physical activities and so on. Blood pressure, height, weight and waist circumstance were also measured. Results The blood pressure of all subjects was （126±22）/（79±12）mm Hg, with （127±11）/（80±11） mm Hg in urban residents and （125±21）/（78± 12） mm Hg in rural residents, while （128±21）/（80±12）mm Hg in male and （125±23）/（78±11）mm Hg in female. The general prevalence of hypertension was 29.4%, and the general standardized rate of hypertension was 22.5%. The prevalent rate in city （32.3%） was higher than that in city （25A%） （P〈0.01）, and the rate in men （31.5%） was also significantly higher than that in women （27.7%） （P〈0.01）. The age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension was 24.3% in men and 21.4% in women; Among the hypertensive patients, the proportions of patients with the grade 1, 2 and 3 hypertension accounted for 61.2%, 24.4% and 14.4%, representatively. And the proportion of those whose blood pressure was measured was 47.7%. Only 27.7% of the subjects were aware of their high BP, 20.6% of them were on medication, and 4.2% had their BP controlled. Conclusions the results indicated that the prevalence of hypertension in Liaoning area was high and consistently increased. But the control effect wash＇t satisfied. It was suggested that costeffective measures must be taken as soon as possible to control the increasing trend.