从研究到自主——城市管理项目的遗产

From research to ownership—— the legacy of the Urban Management Programme

任何一个国家存在的“城市现实”都是一个多面现象。在一个国家中，城市的居民集中居住在大型而紧凑的住区，占据着广阔的土地，这不能单纯被视为一种抽象化的概念。

Urban Management Programme （UMP） emerged as perhaps one of the largest global technical assistance endeavours in the urban sector. During its first five years （1986-1991）, the programme undertook research into five principal areas-Urban Land, Urban Environment, Municipal Finance, Urban Infrastructure and Urban Poverty. For greater effectiveness, the Programme was regionalized. From 1992-2006, the regionalized Programme went through three phases of maturation and became a real catalyst for direct local action and eventual ownership by what came to be known as ＂anchor institutions＂, and by mayors of cities in each of the regions. The article introduces the legacy left by UMP after two decades. However, the enormity of the challenge which the UMP was set up to confront remains as daunting as ever.