黔东南州稻瘟病的发生流行原因及防治对策

CAUSES OF OCCURRENCE AND PREVALENCE OF RICE BLAST AND ITS CONTROL COUNTER-MEASURES IN QIANDONGNAN PREFECTURE OF GUIZHOU

为了摸清稻瘟病在黔东南州的发生与流行规律，准确做好预测预报和大田综合防治工作，于１９９５年在全州各县进行普查的基础上，对施秉县地坝村进行了实地观察和记载。分析了影响黔东南州稻瘟病发生与流行的主要因素：一是由于长期单一种植某一杂稻组合，致病生理小种增加，导致主推杂稻组合抗病性丧失；二是多雨寡照、露大雾重、相对低温、遭受秋风的气候条件与水稻的易感病生育期相吻合。针对病害发生与流行原因，提出以农业防治为主，辅以药剂防治的综合防治措施和方法。

In order to find out the regulation of the occurrence and prevalence of rice blast in Qiandongnan prefec-ture of Guizhou, so as to do well in forecasting and controlling synetically in the field, an actural investigationand record was made at Diba village of Sibin county on the basis of general investigation in whole prefecturein 1995. The main causes of the occurrence and prevalence of rice blast were:(1)Single hybrid rice combina-tion planted for a long time,and increase of pathogenic physiological strains would lead to the lose of diseaseresistance of the main extended hybrid rice combination;(2)There existed more rain and less light,big demand heavy fog, and relative Iow temperature. The climate condition causing Autumn cold could be accordancewith the growth stage of rice when the diseases occurred easily.The integrated control measure using theagricultural control as the main means and rnedical control as complemental one was proposed.