大蒜素治疗大鼠肺孢子虫肺炎的实验研究

An experimental study on the therapy of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia with allicin in rat model

目的观察大蒜素对大鼠肺孢子虫肺炎(PCP)的治疗效果。方法采用皮下注射醋酸泼泥松龙的方法建立PCP大鼠模型。将受试大鼠随机分为正常对照组(A)、未治疗对照组(B)、TMP-SMZ治疗对照组(C)、大蒜素治疗组(D)和青蒿素治疗组(E)。各组从第7周开始灌服相应药物5d,停药后观察1周,用肺重/体重比和肺虫荷量考核疗效。结果PCP大鼠6周内的病死率为16.7%,满6周时抽样进行病原、病理检查,证实均已成功诱导PCP。5组受试大鼠的平均肺重/体重比分别为0.75±0.090、1.05±0.174、0.77±0.091、0.79±0.114和0.85±0.188。B^E组受试大鼠肺虫荷量分别为1490、74、296和219个包囊/mg肺。统计学分析显示,经大蒜素治疗的大鼠平均肺重/体重比、肺虫荷量均显著低于未治疗对照组(P<0.05),与TMP-SMZ治疗对照组和青蒿素治疗组比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论大蒜素对大鼠PCP有显著疗效,效果与TMP-SMZ和青蒿素接近。

Objective To evaluate the effect of allicin on the therapy of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia （PCP）. Methods For develop PCP animal model, the female wistar rats in clean grade were immunosuppressed by subcutaneous injection of 25 mg prednisolone acetate twice a week for 6 weeks. The experimental rats were randomly divided into 5 groups： group A： normal rat control; group B： the control received no drug for therapy; group C： the control given TM- SMZ at a dose of 32/80 mg/kg·d for 5 days began at week 7; group D： the rats given allicin at a dose of 2.33 mg/kg·d for 5 days began at week 7; group E： the control given dihydroarteminsinin （DHA） at a dose of 6 mg/kg·d for 5 days began at week 7. The efficacy of allicin on the therapy of PCP was evaluated by the ratio of lung weight to body weight and the burden of P. carinii cyst. Results The mortality of the experimental rats that were immunosuppressed by prednisolone acetate was 16.70//00 in 6 weeks. The mean ratios of lung weight to body weight of the group A- E were 0.75 ±0.090, 1.05±0.174, 0.77±0.091, 0.79±0.114 and 0.85±0.188 respectively. And the mean counts of P. carinii cyst/mg of lung of the group B-E were 1 490, 74, 296 and 219 respectively. The mean ratio of lung weight to body weight and mean count of P. carinii cyst/mg of lung in group D were much lower than that in group B （P〈0.05）, but there were no significant difference between group D and groups C, E. Conclusion Allicin could be used for the therapy of PCP in the rat models, and its therapeutic efficacy was similar to that of standard dose TMP-SMZ and DHA.