摘要
China, the country with the largest population in the world, has been steadily and successfully pushing forward its market reform and rapid industrialization drive against the background of informationalization and globalization. Its economy has maintained a rapid rate of growth for over twenty years, with per capita GDP increasing from less than 100 US dollars in 1978 to more than 1,000 in 2004, making it the third largest economic entity in the world, There can be no doubt that this phenomenon merits world attention at the threshold of the 21 st century. The appearances of a series of concepts such as ＂the Chinese experience,＂ ＂the Beijing consensus,＂ ＂the Chinese model＂ and ＂peaceful rise＂ describe and interpret this phenomenon from different angles. Some economists have realized that whatever con- ceptual frameworks or advanced economic theoretical models are used to explain the reasons for and logic of Chinese economic success, the quintessence of ＂Chinese experience＂ is its practicality -- blazing a path of its own based on its national conditions.
迄今为止的中国现代化进程和实践表明,对国情的认识与把握是中国成功的基础与前提,这是“中国经验”的思想精髓所在。基于对国情重要性的认识,本文构造了一个新的基于产业结构演进的经济国情分类框架。应用这个框架,本文分析了经过20余年的快速工业化进程后中国的经济发展状况变化。分析表明,中国已经从农业经济大国转为工业经济大国,这意味着中国经济现代化进程进入了以实现由工业经济大国向工业经济强国转变为核心任务的新阶段。现代化进程的新阶段要求选择新的战略,在技术进步战略方面,应重视战略技术的自主创新和加大基础科学研究领域的投入;在经济增长战略方面,要切实促进经济增长方式的转变,发展重化工业也要坚持走新型工业化道路;在产业发展战略方面,三次产业要有新的战略使命和发展定位;在经济体制改革战略方面,要坚定不移地继续深化市场化改革。
