逻辑实证主义批判及其语境分析

A Critique on Logical Positivism and Analysis on Its Context

逻辑实证主义认为形而上学表述的都是经验之外的命题,由于它们无法被证实真与假,所以根本就没有意义。于是,这种新的实证主义主张用逻辑工具、物理语言对传统哲学进行彻底改造。而反实证主义者则从价值中立的不真实性、经验证实原则的无效性、反形而上学的不可能性以及归纳法的困境等方面作出反击。在这些相互竞争的理论中,我们的立场应当取决于我们所处的语境。

Logical positivism thinks that metaphysical propositions beyond experience cannot be verified as truth or falsehood, so that they are meaningless at all. As a result,the new positivism maintains a thorough reformation of the traditional philosophy through logical instruments and physical language. Anti-positivists, however, launch a counterattack from many sides such as falsehood of value neutrality, invalidity of the principle of empirical verification and predicament of the inductive method. In these competitive theories, our position should be determined by our context.