心理因素与青春期女性月经异常关系的研究

Influence of social psychological factors on female's menstruation during puberty

目的通过对16～18岁在校女生进行心理测试及月经状况的调查，探讨社会心理因素、人格特征对青春期女性月经的影响。方法对2003年1～12月在校高中女生2000人进行随机抽样，抽取200人进行了90项症状自评量表，艾森克性格调查表及月经状况调查表的问卷调查，依月经状况调查表对调查人群进行分组，研究两组人群心理状况间的差异。结果月经病发病组在阳性症状总分、人际关系敏感、焦虑、抑郁和精神病性因子分方面明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。精神质分值、情绪稳定性分值高于对照组（P=0．01，P〈0．01）。结论本研究表明，青春期女性在出现月经量过多、经期延长、不规则阴道出血及痛经的同时，心理活动也同样有明显改变，主要表现为焦虑、抑郁、人际关系敏感、性格内向、情绪不稳定等障碍。因此，对青春期月经病患者给予药物治疗的同时，心理治疗也是十分重要的。

Objective To investigate influence of social psychological factors and personality on female＇ s menstruation during puberty through psychological test and investigation of menstrual status of female students aged from 16 to 18 years old. Random samplings were conducted on 200 of 2000 high school female students from Jan, to Dec. in 2003. The targeted female students were divided into two groups according to their menstrual status. The differences in psychological status were compared between the two groups based on the questionnaire tests of self-rating symptom scale （ SCL-90 ） , Eysenck Psychoticism Questionnaire （ EPQ ） , and menstrual status. Results The female students in the emmeniopathy group had significantly higher scores of total score of positive symptoms, interpersonal relation sensitivity, anxiety, depression, and psychotic factors （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Scores of psychotism （P） and neuroticism （N） were also higher than those in the control group（ P = 0.01, P 〈 0.01 ） respectively, Conclusion This study showed that the females in puberty have not only high menstrual flow, long menstrual duration, irregular vaginal bleeding, and dysmenorrbea, but also significant changes in psychotic activities, including anxiety, depression, interpersonal relation sensitivity, introversion, and emotional instability. Therefore, both pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy should be given to the adolescent patients with emmeniopathy at same time.