狂欢化的《尤利西斯》

Carnivalized Ulysses

狂欢节文化在整个官方世界彼岸建立起第二世界和第二生活,以一种反叛的姿态与官方生活形成对峙。狂欢节节庆活动具有明显的肉体—物质因素,充满了死亡和新生、交替与更新的精神。《尤利西斯》表现出浓郁的狂欢化色彩。在宴饮与性、葬礼与生产以及拉伯雷式的怪诞形象等狂欢节表层生活里,隐藏着乔伊斯对爱尔兰瘫痪现实的讽刺揶揄和对民族历史的深刻反思。

Carnival culture establishes a second world of life in protest against the world of officialdom. Carnival festivities involve many physical and material elements enlightening life and death, replacement and regeneration. A strong sense of carnival culture is expressed in Ulysses, in which Joyce has made a fierce mock at the status quo of Ireland and a profound reflection on its history.