广州市农村流动人口卫生服务需求与利用分析

Demand and utilization for health service in floating population in Guangzhou city

目的了解广州市农村流动人口卫生服务需求、利用现状及其影响因素。方法采用整群抽样方法,从广州市建筑、制鞋、环卫、餐饮服务四个行业各抽取300名户籍不在广州市有组织依托的农村流动人员,利用统一调查表调查其健康及卫生服务利用等情况。结果共调查1 193名广州市农村流动人员,其平均每月现金收入为723.7元,其中有医疗保障者的比例仅为32.0%。被调查者的两周患病率、两周就诊率分别为78.0‰、54.5‰;过去一年住院率与应住院而未住院率分别为15.1‰与28.0%;平均每次就诊直接医疗费用为98.1元,平均每次住院费用为2 471.7元。多因素分析结果显示,年龄、职业、健康状况、每天工作时间、患病后有无资助与照顾是影响农村流动人口患病后是否就诊的主要因素。结论广州市农村流动人口对卫生服务购买能力低,医疗保障水平及卫生服务利用水平低,其卫生服务需求没有得到满足。

Objective To explore the demand and utilization for health service in floating population and related factors in Guangzhou city. Methods Floating population sample was selected from business of restaurant, construction, sanitation and shoemaking by duster sampling. Questionnaire developed by MOH and schools of public health of Beijing and Sun Yat - sen University was used to interview the subjects. Results 1 193 subjects of floating population were interviewed. Average income in a month was 723.7 RMB and only 32.0% of them held medical insurance. Disease prevalence and attendances rate in the past two weeks were 78.0‰ and 54.5‰ respectively. Hospitalization rate was 15.1‰ and the percentage of failing to hospitalization for the patients who should be hospitalized was 28.0% in the past year.The average direct medical cost for each outpatient clinic was 98.1 RMB and for each hospitalization was 2 471.7 RMB. Age,occupation, health condition, working hours and economic level were main factors that affected the utilization for health service. Condusion The levels of purchasing power, medical insurance and the utilization of health service in floating population were low and their demand for health was not met in Guangzhou.