全反式维甲酸对兔颈动脉粥样硬化性狭窄中平滑肌细胞凋亡及其机制的研究

Effects of All-transretinoic acid on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Apoptosis of Carotid Atherosclerosis in Rabbit and Fas expression

目的观察全反式维甲酸(ATRA)对兔颈动脉粥样硬化性狭窄后平滑肌细胞凋亡的影响。方法新西兰兔40只,随机分为3组:对照组(CON)、手术组(suR)、治疗组(TRE),均给予高脂饮食,两周后手术组和治疗组用空气干燥法建立颈动脉粥样硬化模型,治疗组于术前给予全反式维甲酸灌胃。分别于术后两周、四周处死动物取病变处血管,HE染色后观察观察内膜增生情况,并用TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡、免疫组化检测凋亡抗原基因Fas。结果形态学观察显示内膜增生程度由强到弱为:SuR>TRE>CON。在治疗组凋亡细胞TUNEL阳性细胞数最多,Fas表达最明显。结论ATRA具有诱导平滑肌细胞凋亡的作用,在一定程度上抑制血管内膜增生,抑制血管损伤后再狭窄,其机制可能是通过FAS/FASL途径。

Objective To observe the effects of all-transretinoic acid on vascular smooth muscle cell （VSMC） apoptosis of carotid atherosclerosis. Methods Forty New Zealand rabbits were divided randomly 3 groups： control group（ CON）, surgery group（SUR） and treat group（TRE）. Each group had 13 rabbits and were fed by high cholesterol forage. The SUR and TRE groups were made up atherosclerotic model by air desiccation endothelial injury. The TRE group were feed by all-transretinoic acid. On the 4th and 6th week, the target vessel was taken out. The intima hyperplasia was observed by microscopy through HE . Cell apoptosis was determined by TUNEL stain and Fas was observed by immunostaining. Results The area of neointima was the highest in SUR, second TRE and the lowest CON. The positive staining of TUNEL in TRE was significantly abundant（ P 〈0.01 ）. The expression of Fas in TRE was more than the other groups （P 〈0.05）. Conclusion all-transrotinoic acid may induce apoptosis of VSMC in atherosclerosis and suppress the proliferation of intima in vessel injury.