孙中山教育思想形成的三个阶段

Three Stages of the Formation of Sun Yat-sen' s Educational Thought

孙中山教育思想的形成有三个阶段。辛亥革命以前,主要表现的是教育改良思想,积极推行学校教育,提出只有通过“兴学养才”,将西方先进文明吸纳、融变为中华民族的新文明,才能改变中国的历史命运;辛亥革命期间,倡导教育为革命服务的宗旨,认为“教育是宣传”,要通过教育宣传革命、培养革命人才,主张以革命的手段,在彻底破除封建专制制度的前提下,发展国民教育;建立民国以后,提出了一系列对教育的建设构想,重用蔡元培制定民国新学制,进行现代化教育改革。从孙中山教育思想体系来说,这一时期还比较集中地体现了他的全民教育、人才教育、军事教育和科学教育等诸多教育思想。

There are three stages in the formation of Sun Yat-sen＇ s educational thought. Before the 1911 revolution, he was devoted to educational, reform. He actively carded out education in schools. He pointed out that only training people by education, absorbing the advanced western civilization, and creating new Chinese civilization, could Chinese people change their historical destiny. During the 1911 revolution, Sun advocated that education should serve for revolution, Promoting revolution and training revolutionists. He maintained developing national education by the method of revolution under the circumstance of completely abolishing autocracy and feudalistic system. After the establishing of Republic of China, Sun put forward a series of constructive conceptions of education, put Cai Yuan-pei in an important position for drawing up a new educational system of Republic of China, and carried out modernized educational reform. Moreover, his other educational thoughts, such as educating the whole people, the training of the talents, military education and scientific education, that constructed Sun＇ s educational thought system, were reflected at this stage.