劳动价值论争论与马克思的研究方法

The Dispute of the Theory of Labor Value and Marx's Research Methods

在劳动价值论的争论中,劳动价值论的现实性和逻辑一致性受到了质疑,相应的辩护意见的一个重要依据是马克思从抽象到具体的研究方法,马克思关于政治经济学正确的研究方法的表述和《资本论》的论证结构为这种辩护提供了支持。但是,马克思在政治经济学研究中所亲身实践的并非从抽象到具体的研究方法,而是从具体到抽象再到具体的研究方法。依据前一种研究方法,马克思政治经济学的整体逻辑一致性是劳动价值论取舍的标准;依据后一种研究方法,实践才是真正的判别标准。

In the dispute of the theory of labor value, its reality and logical consistency were doubted. An important basis of the defending against such doubts is Marx＇s research methods of starting from abstraction to concrete. Marx＇s remarks on the correct research methods of political economy and the demonstrating structure of The Capital supported the defending. But in his research on political economy, Marx didn＇t practice the method of starting from abstraction to concrete, but from concrete to abstraction and then to concrete again. According to the former method, the criterion of the theory of labor value is the holistic logical consistency of Marxism Political Economy; but according to the latter, the criterion is practice.