植物保卫细胞中ABA、H_2O_2和NO信号网络研究的进展

Progress on Studies of ABA,Hydrogen Peroxide and Nitric Oxide Signal Network in Plant Stomatal Guard Cells

植物叶片表面的气孔保卫细胞是研究信号转导的模式实验系统,激光扫描共聚焦显微镜和膜片钳等新研究技术的应用,在植物细胞信号转导的研究上取得了重要进展。干旱胁迫能够促进植物合成ABA,并启动保卫细胞中一系列复杂的信号网络使气孔关闭。最近的研究表明,H2O2和NO是ABA诱导的气孔关闭信号网络中的关键分子,Ca2+、蛋白激酶、cADPR和cGMP等是H2O2和NO信号途径中的下游分子,这些信号分子可能形成一个复杂的信号网络,但对它们之间的准确的关系仍然未知。

Plant growth and development are largely affected by the availability of water. ABA is an endogenous anti-transpirant that reduces water loss through controlling stomatal pores on the leaf surface. Enhanced biosynthesis of ABA occurs in response to water deficit stress initiates an intricate network of signaling pathways in guard cells leading to stomatal closure. Recently, hydrogen peroxide（H2O2） and nitric oxide（NO） have been identified as key molecules regulating ABA induced stomatal closure. Some signaling components positioned downstream of H2O2 and NO are calcium, protein kinases, cADPR and cGMP. Although it may be thought that all signaling components form a signal network in guard cells, the exact interaction between the various signaling components remains unknown.