气候变化对浑善达克沙地生态环境演变的影响

Impact of Climatic Variation on Ecological Environmental Evolution in Hunshandake Sandland

利用近43a气象观测资料,分析得出浑善达克沙地气温在逐年升高,降水量减少,蒸发量加大,平均风速、大风日数、沙尘暴日数呈逐年减少态势。其中温度升高、降水减少、蒸发量增加,对浑善达克沙地生态恢复不利;而平均风速尤其是大风日数、沙尘暴日数逐年减少对该地区生态保护、建设有利。通过1976年、1987年和2002年的遥感卫星监测结果验证:流动沙地面积不断增加,进一步表明浑善达克沙地的沙漠化正在扩展,这与该地区气候的恶化密切相关。

Having analyzed on the meteorological observation data in recent 43 years, this study has find out the increase of the temperature and the evaporation, the reduction of the precipitation, the mean. wind velocity, gale and sandstorm days year by year. The increase of temperature and evaporation, as well as the reduction of precipitation is disadvantageous to the ecological restoration of Hunshandake sandland, but the decrease of wind velocity especially gale and sandstorm days is advantageous. The satellite remote monitoring information in 1976, 1987 and 2002, showed that the area of moving sandland had an increasing trend, which demonstrated a positive development process of desertification in Hunshandake sandland. At the same time, this has explained the close relationship between climatic change and desertification evolution.