中国产业内贸易指数及其发展

Study on China＇s Intra-industry Trade Index and Its Development

改革开放以来，中国的对外贸易发生了两次重要的转变：一是贸易方式从产业间贸易为主转向产业内贸易为主，二是产业内贸易水平从对发展中国家水平较高转向对发达国家水平较高。大量外商直接投资的涌入，提高了中国在全球价值链中加工制造环节的地位，带动了加工贸易的发展，从而推动了垂直型产业内贸易的发展，产业内贸易水平提升较快，但同时产业内贸易质量较低，呈“虚高”态势。中国在对外贸易发展中，须注重技术进步，从全球价值链的“非战略性环节”向两端延伸，占据“战略性环节”，在提高产业内贸易水平的同时，提升产业内贸易的质量。

Since China adopted Reform and Opening-up policies in 1978, two important transformations have occurred in foreign trade. Firstly, intra-industry trade took the place of inter-industry trade as the primary way in China＇s foreign trade. And secondly, the level of intra-industry trade between the developed countries and China surpassed that between developing countries and China. Quick development of FDI in China promotes and strengthens China＇s position in the global value chain of manufacturing, which leads to the development of China＇s trade involving the processing of supplied raw materials, thus improves development of the vertical intra-industry trade, and raises the level of intra-industry trade. However, the level is inflated accompanying low quality. Therefore, it＇s necessary for China to stress technology progress, extending sectors from non-strategic businesses of global value chains to strategic ones, and promoting the quality while enhancing the level of intra-industry trade.