对我国深山区移民扶贫成本的社会学分析——以江西省遂川县为例

Sociological Analysis of the Costs of Alleviating Poverty by Migration From Remote Mountains——Take Suichuan County,Jiangxi Province as an Example

移民扶贫不单纯是一项经济工作,它是一项复杂的社会系统工程,对移民扶贫成本的分析是移民可行性的重要依据。移民成本应包括经济成本、心理成本、环境成本和文化成本等,任何一方面的成本过高,都会影响移民扶贫的有效性。我国的贫困人口分布在全国集中连片的几个地区,移民扶贫在不同地区有不同的表现形式,其成本也不尽相同。忽略移民成本这一客观事实,任何主观善良愿望的移民扶贫决策都难以取得理想的结果。通过对江西省遂川县深山区移民扶贫的成本问题分析,认为扶贫移民不仅要考虑经济成本,还要考虑环境成本,要把心理成本、文化成本降到最低,在移民扶贫过程中忽视传统文化,对人的心理造成伤害的移民决策是不慎重的。

Alleviating poverty by migration is not just an economic work, hut a complex social system program. Costs analysis is an important basis of the feasibility of migration. Costs of migration should include the costs in economy, psychology, environment and culture, ere, any of which will influence the effect of migration if it is too high. The poverty-stricken people in China are distributed over certain linked areas, and the form of alleviating poverty by migration is different in these areas, the same as the costs. If ignoring these costs, it will be impossible to achieve ideal purposes for any of decisions in good subjective hopes. Through systematically analyzing the costs of migration from remote mountains and geologically disastrous areas in Suichuan County, Jiangxi Province, it is considered that, during the migration, the costs in economy as well as environment should be taken into account, and the costs in psychology and culture should be reduced to the lowest level. Those migration decisions are not cautious enough if they ignore the traditional culture and hurt the settlers＇ feelings.