泾渭清浊辨析

Analysis About the Jinghe River and the Weihe River:Which is Clearer

泾渭两河谁清谁浊?一千多年来对此众说绘纭,直到目前尚未定论,其主要原因是对《诗》北风中的“泾以渭浊,湜湜其沚”缺乏正确理解和对泾渭二河的水文情况没有进行长期系统观测所致。该文通过对泾渭两流域历史时期的自然植被、人类生产活动以及水利工程兴废史的追踪比较后认为,在2000多年的历史演变过程中,泾河的含沙量应该始终是大于渭河的。“泾浊渭清”应该是两河的历史原貌。

The topic, which is clearer or muddier between the Jinghe River and the Weihe River, has been not given a final definition in more than one thousand years. The main reasons are in two aspects. （1） the words about the Jinghe River is muddier compared with the Weihe River, however, over its sandbank where the flowing water is clearer, which are from North Wind at the Book of Songs, can not be understood correctly; （2）the hydrological condition of the two rivers can not be observed by a long-term and systematic way. Comparing the two rivers from their natural vegetation, human activities in their basins in various historical periods, and the prosperous and falling history about water conservancy projects in the two river basins,a conclusion can be given out that the sediment concentration of the Jinghe River is always heavier than that of Weihe River in past 2000 years,and that the Jinghe River is muddier than the Weihe River should be the original and true features.