斜拉桥结构健康监测系统的设计与实现(I):系统设计

Design and implementation of health monitoring systems for cable-stayed bridges(I): design methods

结构智能健康监测愈来愈成为重大工程结构健康与安全的重要保障技术,也愈来愈成为重大工程结构损伤积累乃至灾害演变规律的重要研究手段。斜拉桥健康监测系统是由传感器子系统、数据采集与传输子系统、结构分析子系统和数据管理子系统组成的,不同系统的谐调运行需要通过系统集成技术来实现。首先从监测内容、等级和功能等方面研究健康监测系统的总体设计原则;然后,分局部监测变量和整体监测变量研究传感器的最优测点确定方法和原则,提出传感器的选型原则;提出数据采集系统的总线设计方法和方案,研究数据采集系统硬件和软件设计方法;提出数据传输系统的设计原则和方法;给出斜拉桥基于构件和基于结构体系的安全评定设计方法;提出斜拉桥施工监控、成桥试验、运营健康监测和养护管理四位一体系统的共享设计原则;提出系统集成技术的软件设计方法。

The structural health monitoring （SHM） system is becoming a technique for ensuring the health and safety of civil infrastructures and also an important means for studying the damage accumulation or even disaster evolution characteristics of civil infrastructures. An SHM system consisted of a sensor module, a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a structural analysis module, and a data base module. An integrated technique is employed to make all modules run automatically. General design principles of the SHM systems for cable-stayed bridges, including the monitored variables, grade and function, are studied. The design method for optimal sensor locations and performance is analyzed. The design methods for the data acquisition module, including the bus master scheme, hardware and software, are proposed. The design methods for the data transmission module and safety evaluation at both member and structure levels are also presented. The design of a SHM system for cable-stayed bridges should be considered together with the design of the construction monitoring system static and dynamic loading test and management systems. The design method for a system integration approach is also proposed.