喷灌技术在干旱风沙区的应用研究

Research for Applying Sprinkle to the Windy and Sandy Regions of Arid and Semi-arid Area

喷灌在灌溉技术中具有独特的优势而得到广泛的应用,但因其受风的影响大、蒸发损失多,在风沙区的应用受到了极大的制约。通过对风沙区蒸发和风速分布规律的分析以及风沙区喷灌灌溉试验和喷灌在大田中应用的案例调查,给出了喷灌灌溉水利用效率与风速之间的关系,指出只要很好的利用风沙区蒸发和风速分布规律,避开高蒸发时段和高风速时区,在风沙区进行喷灌仍可获得较高的灌溉水利用效率和灌水均匀度,喷灌在风沙区仍有广阔的应用是前景。

In the irrigation technology, sprinkle has been widely applied because it has a series of special advantages. But it is greatly limited to apply sprinkle to the windy and sandy regions of arid and semi-arid area, because its water efficiency and irrigation quality are enormously effected by wind and evaporation. By means of sprinkle trialsand analyzing the distributions of evaporation and wind speed, the paper gives out the relationship between sprinkle efficiency and wind speed, and the distribution regular patterns of evaporation and wind speed of windy and sandy regions of arid and semi-arid area, and points out it can get better efficiency and uniformity to apply sprinkle to the windy and sandy regions so long as the distribution regular patterns of evaporation and wind speed are rationally used.