UWB脉冲信号的时域波束形成方法

Time domain beamforming for UWB pulse signal

分析了超宽带(UltraWideband)脉冲信号阵列空时处理的一般原理,比较了它和传统正弦阵列的差别,给出了一种高精度的时域波束形成方法。精确的可变时延电路实现是时域波束形成的主要问题,采用数字延迟线和FIR延迟补偿滤波器相结合的办法实现UWB信号波束形成的数字化处理。设计了因果稳定的高精度的具有分数时延补偿特性的FIR滤波器,解决了UWB信号在小样本采样时时间量化对波束形成器性能影响的问题。相对于频域处理,在有效提高阵列方向图性能同时具有设计简单,运算量小等优点。

Based on analysis of principle of ultra wideband （UWB） space-time processing, a time domain beamforming approach for UWB pulse array reception is presented in the paper. The realization of variable delay circuits is addressed. The combination of digital delay line with fractional delay FIR filter for UWB signal digital processing in array reception is presented. The casual and stable filter is designed to compensate the channel dispersed delay accurately, which help to relieve the performance reduction caused by delay quantization error. In comparison with frequency domain processing, this method not only can improve the performance of directivity pattern remarkably but also have the advantage of easy design and low cost of computation.