糖尿病患者自我管理水平和生存质量相关性研究

Self-management and quality of life in patients with diabetes mellitus

目的 探讨糖尿病患者自我管理水平和生存质量的相关性.方法 采用描述性相关性研究,用密西根糖尿病管理评定量表（DCP）、密西根糖尿病知识测试问卷（DKT）和中国糖尿病患者生存质量特异性量表（DSQL）对214例1型和2型糖尿病患者进行问卷调查.结果 （1）糖尿病患者的自我管理处于较高水平的因子有：自我管理能力、药物治疗问题、运动锻炼问题、对疾病的态度、自我管理坚持性及自我管理重要性认识;而较低水平的因子有：饮食依从性、血糖或尿糖检测问题、病情控制问题、糖尿病知识的理解自评及得分.（2）糖尿病患者生存质量的DSQL均值为（54.75±13.05）分,处于中等水平.（3）除血糖或尿糖检测问题因子外,自我管理水平的各个因子与生存质量的DSQL评分存在相关性（r=0.174～0.641,P＜0.05）,表现为患者在上述因子的自我管理水平越高,其生存质量水平越高.结论 糖尿病患者自我管理水平普遍与生存质量存在中等程度的正相关.

Objective To examine the relationship between self-management and quality of life in diabetics. Methods A descriptive and correlation design was used in this study. 214 subjects completed the University of Michigan Diabetes Research and Training Center Diabetes Care Profile （DCP） , the Diabetes Knowledge Test （ DKT）, and the Diabetes Patients＇ Quality of Life in China （DSQL）. Results （ 1 ） The diabetics reported higher levels of self-management for 6 of 11 domains. They were self-management ability, medical barriers, exercise barriers, attitude towards diabetes, self-management adherence, and importance of self-management. However, they reported lower levels of self-management for other 5 domains. They were diet adherence, monitoring barriers, control problems, understanding diabetes knowledge, and DKT scores. （2） The mean score of quality of life by DSQL was 54.75 ± 13.05. （3） The absolute value of correlation coefficients between 10 domains＇ mean scores of self-management （except of monitoring barriers） and DSQL total score ranged from 0. 174 to 0. 641. There was a positive correlation between self-management and quality of life in patients with diabetes. Conclusion Overall, most diabetics reported a moderate to low level of self-management and quality of life. There was a moderate and positive correlation between self-management and quality of life.