抗战前国民政府训政的演变

The Development of the Democratic Supervision Government Before the Anti-Japanese War

在国民党政府统治中国的22年历史中,“训政”时期延续了20年之久,抗战前的国民政府训政是奠基和初期实施阶段。由于国民党内部不同派别之间的相互牵制,训政的纲领以及训政体制的形成,有一个曲折演变的过程。为了维护和加强国民党的一党专政,抗战前的国民政府把“安内攘外”确定为具有全局性的战略国策,这一战略国策使国民党政府在军事、政治、文化、经济等各个方面都不断增强“党治”色彩,走向专制独裁。然而历史事实表明,从总体上说,这一时期国民党的训政体制还没有从整体上完全形成个人专制独裁。政权由初建到相对巩固,在有些方面还有进步的趋势。

The 20-year-long Democratic Supervision Government set by Kuomintang,. had evolved from its relatively democratic stage before the Anti-Japanese War to its relatively dictorial stage after the war. Before the war began, the Kuomintang Government adopted as its global strategic policy of ＂keeping the domestic at rest before resisting the Japanese invasion＂, which was pushing Kuomintang towards its dictatorship in military affairs, politics, economy, culture. Yet, due to the balance between the different powers in Kuomintang, in terms of either its creed or its institution, the Democratic Supervision Government could not be said to be a government of dictatorship on the whole; it even manifested a certain progressive trend.