介观电子谐振腔的量子效应

Quantum Effect in the Mesoscopic Open Electron Resonator

基于电荷是量子化的这一基本事实,在介观电路的全量子理论框架中,实现了介观电子谐振腔的量子化,获得了该器件的差分薛定谔方程.用幺正变换将薛定谔方程变换为标准的马丢方程,通过对薛定谔方程的求解,得到了系统的能级和波函数.运用WKBJ方法计算了电流平均值和电流平方的平均值,计算结果表明电流涨落是存在的,它是介观电路中主要的量子噪声.

Basing on the fundamental fact that the electric charge takes discrete value, and in the framework of the whole quantum theory to mesoscopic circuits, the circuit of mesoscopic electron resonator is quantilazed, and the finite-differenced Schrodinger equation of this device is achieved. With a unitary transformation, the Schrodinger equation becomes the standard mathieu equation, then the energy spectrum and the wave functions of the system are obtained. By using the WKBJ method, the average of currents and square of the current are calculated, the results show the existence of the current fluctuation, which causes the noise in the circuits.