中国西北干旱区环境问题与生态建设

Environmental Issues and Eco-reconstruction in Northwest Arid Region of China

讨论了西北干旱区的土地退化、生态建设与尊重自然、水土资源利用及区域发展等问题.干旱区土地退化主要为土地沙漠化、土地次生盐渍化和草地退化;生态建设中应当尊重自然,不宜大面积植树造林、片面追求森林覆被率的提高.采取生态修复和建立自然保护区等措施有助于环境整治与生态建设.在区域发展中应当重视水土资源的合理开发利用以及区域间环境与发展的协调问题.

Issues of land degradation, eco-reconstruction, utilization of water and land resources, as well as regional development in Northwest Arid Region of China are dealt with. Main degradation types include sandy desertification,secondary salinization and grassland degradation. As to eco-reconstruction human being should respect for nature, to conduc environmental management by measures such as eco-restoration, natural conservation, etc. From the point of view of regional development, more attention should be paid to environmental effects in regional resources utilization and exploitation, as well as coordination and overall planning in development between various regions.