气管球囊扩张联合镍钛合金气管支架置入治疗良性气管狭窄

Treatment of benign tracheobronchial stenosis combined by balloon dilatation and nitinol stent implantation

目的探讨应用气管球囊扩张和气管镍钛合金支架置入治疗良性气管狭窄的疗效和安全性。方法在局麻或药物静脉麻醉下,12例外伤或气管切开或插管导致的气管狭窄者,在纤维支气管镜监测下应用气管球囊扩张气管狭窄部,然后采用纤维支气管镜定位法放置镍钛合金气管支架。结果经气管球囊扩张后,12例气管狭窄患者的镍钛合金支架均一次性放置成功,支架扩张良好;术后拔除气管套管或插管后呼吸困难症状立即缓解,原丧失语言功能的患者术后能马上恢复语言功能;无局部严重损伤及病情恶化;术后有一定的并发症,但易于控制。结论气管球囊扩张可以简单、安全和快速的扩张狭窄气管,建立适宜气管腔,为支架置入及支架完全扩张提供条件;镍钛合金支架对治疗良性气管狭窄有立竿见影的效果,是解决良性气管狭窄较安全有效的方法之一。

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of balloon dilatation and nitinol stent implantation in the treatment for benign tracheobronchial stenosis. Methods Twelve patients with benigntracheobronchial stenosis underwent balloon dilation through bronchofibroscope under general or local anesthesia. Nitinol stents were placed to the stenosis airway by bronchofibroscope location. Results Twelve cases were successfully placed and resulted in sufficient dilation for tracheal stenosis segment, dyspnea was rapidly improved and patients could speak immediately again. Conclusion Ballon dilatation can provide a simple and effective way for stent implantation. Nitinol stent implantation is an effective and safe treatment for benign tracheobronchial stenosis.