摘要
泌乳素由位于垂体前叶的泌乳素细胞分泌，多巴胺通过D2受体作用于泌乳素细胞抑制泌乳素的分泌。因此，任何破坏多巴胺分泌或是干扰多巴胺输送到门脉的过程都可能引起高泌乳素血症。泌乳素主要的作用是刺激泌乳，但是由于它具有抑制促性腺激素释放激素、垂体促性腺激素的释放以及减少性激素合成的效应，泌乳素过多分泌导致不孕和性腺功能障碍。
Secretion of prolactin by lactotrophs in the anterior pituitary gland is inhibited by dopamine acting via D2 receptors on the lactotroph cells. Therefore, any process that disrupts dopamine secretion or interferes with delivery of dopamine to the portal vessels may cause hyperprolactinaemia. The primary action of prolactin is to stimulate lactation, but hypersecretion of prolactin leads to infertility and gonadal dysfunction because of its inhibitory effects on gonadotropin-releasing hormone and pituitary gonadotrophin release, and impairment of gonadal steroidogenesis.
