“伟大风格”——法国勒·诺特尔式园林(2)

The Great Style——The French Gardens of Le Ntre's Style(Ⅱ)

法国勒·诺特尔式园林是西方古典园林的一种重要风格。这一风格的开创者是17世纪法国造园家勒·诺特尔。他在继承了欧洲造园传统、尤其是文艺复兴园林的基础上,创造了一种新“的伟大风格”。它是路易十四统治下的法国政治、社会和文化状况的一种反映,代表了理性主义的文化思潮,反映了绝对君权制度。这种风格具有宏伟壮丽、中轴突出、严谨对称的特点,具有很高的艺术成就,成为风靡欧洲各国100多年的一种造园样式,并影响到各国的城市建设。并且,直到今天,仍然有许多现代风景园林师从勒·诺特尔式园林中汲取营养,在现代社会创造新的风格。介绍了多个法国勒·诺特尔式园林实例以及它们产生的背景和具有的影响。

The gardens of Le Nōtre＇s style are of great importance in the history of garden art. This style is created by Le NOtre, a great French gardener of 17^th century. By inheriting the garden traditian, especially the tradition of Italian renaissance gardens, he created the new ＂great style＂. This style embodied the political, social and cultural conditions during the rule of Louis XIV, and reflected the rationalism ideology and absolute monarchy. With the character of spectacular, serious, symmetry and of an apparent central axe, this style is of great value of garden art. It had influenced for more than 100 years the styles of gardens and also the modes of city development in Europe. Even now, a great number of landscape architects draw many inspirations from Le Nōtre＇s gardens and create new styles in the modern society. Several gardens of le Nōtre＇s style and their background as well as their influence are introduced in this paper.