清咸同年间黄崖事件再认识

Rethinking the Mount Huangya Event

由张积中在黄崖山讲学聚众的实际活动看,黄崖事件非“教”案,也非纯粹“匪”案。张积中的讲学活动不是决定山寨命运的主要因素,仅为黄崖山聚众的魅力元素。黄崖事件的悲剧命运是当时的社会生态所决定的:咸同年间山东灾荒与流民问题为黄崖山寨聚众提供了条件,咸同年间山东民间军事化结构同质了黄崖山寨。

Seen from the actual activities Zhang Ji-zhong participated in on Mount Huangya, the event taking place on the mountain was neither a case of ＂religion＂ nor that of ＂bandits＂. In actuality, his lecturing activities there were only an attraction for people to flock to the mountain, rather than a factor that determined the fate of the mountain village. The tragedy of the Mount Huangya event was caused by the contemporary social conditions ： the great famine and refugees, and the militarization of the civil society during the reign of Xianfeng Emperor and Tongzhi Emperor.