个体社会化努力的失败——评卡夫卡的小说《判决》

Failure of Individual Efforts in Socialization:A Critique of Kafka's Fiction The Judgment

“社会化”是指个体接受他所生长于其中的社会的行为规范和价值观、并逐渐成为这个社会和文化圈中成员的过程。在此过程中,个体对自己欲望的压抑和放弃,使社会化成为一个令人痛苦的过程。现代派作家卡夫卡在他的多部作品中对人的社会化问题进行了多角度的探讨。本文以他的代表作之一《判决》为例,从社会化角度分析主人公格奥尔格在社会化过程中遇到的种种问题,指出他最终失败的原因。

Socialization indicates the process during which a child accepts the action modes, values of the society, and gradually becomes a member of the cultural circle. During the course, the individual suppresses and deserts his own desires and thus the process of socialization seems rather painful. The modernist writer Kafka has discussed this issue in several of his books from various perspectives. This acticle takes his fiction The Judgement analyses problems the protaganist encountered during the course of socialization and points out the reasons of his failure.