探讨含氯消毒剂灭活乙型肝炎病毒的消毒浓度与时间

Study on the Use of Rational Concentration and Sterilizing Time of Chlorine-Containing Disinfectant Against Hepatitis B Virus

目的探讨应用含氯消毒剂灭活乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)的最佳消毒浓度与时间。方法选择含HBV患者全血的7号注射器针头。配置含氯浓度为2000mg/L、1000mg/L、500mg/L和250mg/L的消毒剂,每种浓度的消毒剂均设4个消毒时间:3h、2h、1h和30min,用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测不同浓度的含氯消毒剂在不同消毒时间段乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)的吸光度值(A450)。结果4种浓度的消毒剂在4个消毒时间点测得HBsAg的A450值均低于阳性判断标准,达到灭活效果,但高浓度的含氯消毒剂对环境及人体均有一定的不良影响。结论为了减少含氯消毒剂对环境及人体的损害,采用1000mg/L和30min的消毒方案是安全可靠的。

Objective To determine the rational concentration and sterilizing time of chlorine-containing disinfectant used against hepatitis B virus. Methods Samples were from No. 7 syringe needles containing blood of hepatitis B patients. Different concentrations of chlorine-containing disinfectant were made（2 000 mg/L, 1 000 mg/L, 500 mg/L and 250 mg/L）. Antiseptic efficacy of each solution was evaluated by measuring ELISA A450 value of HBsAg at 30 min, 1 h, 2 h and 3 h after 15 needles were immersed in the solution. Results HBsAg＇ s A450 values were all lower than positive standard in all solutions after different sterilizing time. Conclusion As higher concentration of chlorine-containing disinfectant has adverse effects on human body and hospital environment, in order to reduce the harm of chlorine-containing disinfectant. We agree that 1 000 mg/L and 30 min as suggested by WHO should be selected.