日本江户幕府初期的幕藩体制与商品经济

On Bakuhan system and commodity economy in the earlier Edo Age of Japan

江户初期是幕藩体制的确立时期,幕府在完备统治全国的体制的同时,必然要建立与之相适应的新的经济秩序。幕府首先通过颁布锁国令建立锁国体制,由此掌握了贸易独占权,之后又通过实行统一货币和度量衡、完善交通运输机构这一系列政策,为幕藩制下的商品流通体系的建立奠定了基础。在此基础上,17世纪后半期,日本出现了以三都(大阪、江户、京都)为中心市场、由幕府支配全国商品流通的幕藩制商品流通机构。

The earlier Edo Age of Japan was the poried of establishment of Bakuhan system. Bakufu strengthened political power over the whole country while found a new economy system correspondingly. First, Bakufu established a Blockade System through the decree of blockade to monopolize trade exclusively. Afterward, Bakufu united currency, weights and measures, and improved traffic system, which laid a good base for the frame of commodity circulation under Bakuhan System in Japan. Thus, there had been three market - centers （Osaka, Edo, Tokyo）, and Bakufu controlled over all the organizations of commodity circulation in the whole country in later 17century.