东台市滩涂生态系统服务价值研究

Ecosystem services value of coastal tidal zone in Dongtai City of Jiangsu Province

采用卫星遥感技术以及Costanza等的生态系统服务价值评价方法对江苏省东台市滩涂生态服务系统的面积和服务功能价值变化进行研究．结果表明，在1984～2003年的19年间，东台市滩涂各类生态系统的总面积从108．54km^2自然淤积增加到171．31km^2，增加了57．83％，其中自然生态系统的总面积从60．82km^2减少到21．64km^2，下降64．42％；人为生态系统的总面积从47．72km^2上升到195．23km^2，增加了309．12％，同期，各类滩涂生态系统每年提供的服务总价值上升了76.96％，其中自然生态系统的服务价值从56．26×10^4美元减少到17．19×10^4美元，下降69．45％；人为生态系统的服务价值从40．55×10^4美元上升到154．13×10^4美元，增加了280．10％．在滩涂生态系统中，自然生态系统面积逐年减少，人为生态系统面积逐年增加，说明东台市滩涂生态系统逐年退化，其自然生态系统服务功能价值的下降与生态系统的退化和面积减少有关．

The study with satellite remote sensing technique and Costanza method showed that from 1984 to 2003, the total area of various ecosystems in the coastal tidal zone of Dongtai City, Jiangsu Province increased from 108.54 to 171.31 km^2 or by 57.83% due to natural siltation, of which,the area of natural ecosystem decreased from 60.82 to 21.64 km^2 or by 64.42%, while that of artificial ecosystem increased from 47.72 to 195.23 km^2 or by 309.12%. During the same period, the total value of ecosystem services in this zone increased by 76.96%, with natural ecosystem services value dropped from 56.26×10^4 to 17.19×10^4 US $ or by 69.45%, while artificial ecosystem services value raised from 40.55×10^4 to 154.13×10^4 US $ or by 280.10%. The decrease of natural ecosystem area and the increase of artificial ecosystem area illustrated clearly that the costal tidal eeosystern of this city was being degenerated seriously, and the decline of natural ecosystem services value was resulted from this degradation and the decrease of natural ecosystem area.