转Btcry1Ab基因水稻对稻田弹尾虫种群数量的影响

Effects of transgenic Bt cry1Ab rice on collembolan population in paddy field

以转Btcry1Ab基因水稻克螟稻1号(KMD1)和克螟稻2号(KMD2)及其亲本非转基因水稻秀水11(XS11)为材料,于2003年9月和翌春4月,调查了KMD1和KMD2对水稻灌浆期和收割后休田期稻田土表落叶层中弹尾虫种群数量的影响.结果表明,KMD植株表达的cry1Ab杀虫蛋白可在稻田环境中残留160d以上;在水稻灌浆期采用吸虫器法在稻田落叶层中采集到灰橄榄长角跳虫(Entomobrya griseoolivata)和钩圆跳虫(Bourletiella christianseni)等2种弹尾虫,其中灰橄榄长角跳虫在KMD1和KMD2稻田中的种群密度显著高于XS11稻田;在水稻收割后休田期采用网袋法采集到灰橄榄长角跳虫、钩圆跳虫、球角跳虫(Hypogastrura matura)和等节跳虫(Isotoma monochaeta)等4种弹尾虫,其中转Bt基因水稻稻田中的灰橄榄长角跳虫和球角跳虫的种群密度显著高于XS11稻田,且其植株组织残体生物量损失率显著高于XS11.

To assess the potential, ecological risk of transgenic Bt rice to non-target soil organisms in paddy field, transgenic cry1Ab rice KMD1 and KMD2 and their parental control rice line XS11 were planted in experimental fields, and eollembolan species and their densities were investigated during gain-filing and post-harvest stages in 2003～2004. By using an arthropod-sucking machine, two eollembolan species, Entomobrya griseoolivata and Bourletiella christianseni, were collected from the leaf litter at soil surface during grain-filling stage （September, 2003）, and the population densities of E. griseoolivata in KMD1 and KMD2 paddy fields were significantly higher than those in XS11 paddy field. With bags contained rice stem-leaf litter and initially placed in the paddy field at harvest time （November, 2003）, four collembolan species, E. griseoolivata, B. christianseni, Hypogastrura matura and Isotoma monochaeta, were collected during post-harvest stages （April, 2004）, and the densities of E. griseoolivata and H. matura in KMD1 and KMD2 paddy fields were also significantly higher than those in XS11 paddy field. The biomass loss of KMD1 and KMD2 stem-leaf litter was significantly greater than that of XS11＇s.