陆生植物体内酶系统对UV-B辐射增强的响应

Responses of enzymes in terrestrial plants to enhanced UV-B radiation.

臭氧层减薄导致地表中波紫外线UV-B（280～320nm）辐射的增强，UV-B辐射能量远高于可见光，且能被植物体内蛋白质和核酸等生物大分子吸收．酶是植物体内起催化作用的一类蛋白质，酶的数量和活性对UV-B辐射增强有强烈的响应．本文将近年来增强UV-B辐射对植物体内酶影响的研究工作进行了综述．主要包括抗氧化酶、核酮糖-1，5-二磷酸羧化酶、硝酸还原酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶．并就今后该方面的研究提出建议．

With the destruction of ozone layer, ultraviolet-B （UV-B, 280～320nm） radiation has being enhanced at the earth＇s surface. The energy of UV-B irradiation is far higher than that of visible light, which could be absorbed by biomacromolecules such as protein and nuclei acid. Enzyme is a sort of protein catalyzing the biochemical processes, and its content and activity in plant have strong responses to enhanced UV-B radiation. This paper summarized the research advances in the effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on the key enzymes, mainly including antioxidant enzymes, ribulose-1, 5-diphosphoscarboxylase, nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase in terrestrial plants. Some suggestions for future research in this field were put forward.