英汉句子结构的认知比较研究

Comparative study on cognition of Chinese and English sentence structures

人类运用认知能力对语言成分进行编码,经过语言编码,语言表达者运用句法规则将思想转换成一种具有语言结构的信息,通过口语或书面语形式传达给对方,语言理解者依据一定的句法关系,建立句子结构,构造相应的命题,作进一步的理解,找到句子意义。在这一过程中,语言理解者要对语言进行主观能动的合理分类,构造句子成分,去同构句子的深层意义,从而达到对句子的理解。由于英汉民族受已有认知结构和思维方式的影响,必然会造成句法规则和句子结构的重大差异。

Human beings make use of their cognitive ability to code the language,i, e. to transform the ideas into certain sentence structures in written or oral form with the help of grammatical rules, and by decoding, the reader or listener may understand the meaning eonveyde by the sentence structures. In the course of decoding, the listener or reader will use his cognitive ability to rebuild the sentence structure so as to understand its meaning. English and Chinese are two different languages with dif- ferent sentence structures, so there are great differences in sentence structures, grammatical rules, cognitive manner and ways of thinking.