文学生态中心主义对人类中心主义的挑战——生态批评对生态文学中“放弃的美学”的探讨

Literary Ecocentrism as a Challenge to Anthropocentrism——On the Aesthetics of Relinquishment

文学生态中心主义主张,把以人为中心的文学研究拓展到整个生态环境,把从自然中抽取出来的傲慢、孤立的人的概念重新放归自然,研究人与生态整体系统中诸因素之间的关系。为此,其力荐生态文学中激进的“放弃的美学”,即放弃人的中心性、主体性,放弃人在精神上和肉体上与自然的疏离感,赋予非人类世界主体性,这预示着未来人类以生态为中心的生存状态的可能性。

Literary ecocentrism tends to extend the literary study with man as center to the entire ecosphere, to put the isolated and arrogant man back into nature, and to focus on the relations of man to other natural entities. Thus, literary ecocentrism champions the radical aesthetics of relinquishment, that is, giving up the centrality and subjectiveness of man, and the illusion of mental and bodily apartness from one＇s environment, and ascribing the subjectiveness to the nonhuman world. It predicts the possibility of ecocentric existence.