关于渭河流域实施排污权交易制度的立法建议

A Suggestion about carrying out Emissions Trading in the Weihe Valley

从相关立法看,对渭河流域水污染的治理主要采取了传统的行政方式。为提高渭河水污染治理效率,促进陕西经济社会的可持续发展,有必要借鉴美国和我国上海、江苏等地比较成熟的做法,采用市场的方法即排污权交易来治理渭河流域水污染,这有利于促进企业技术革新,降低整个社会的治理成本,比单纯的行政方法更为迅速和有效。因此,应进行地方立法,规定可交易污染物的范围、排污权的初始分配方式、交易的程序等,以规范排污权交易市场;同时,确定渭河的环境容量总量以确定可供分配的指标,构建信息平台以降低交易费用及保障公民的知情权。

According to the relevant legislation, the traditional government administrative way is used to bring the water pollution of Weihe under control. To improve the efficiency of dealing with the water pollution and promote the sustainable development both in economy and society of Shaanxi Province, it is necessary to use the market method- the emission trading to deal with the Weihe＇s pollution, which is used in America,Shanghai and Jiangsu of China and has been proved a successful way of controlling water pollution. Comparing with the administrative method, the market method will be more efficient and of quality, which can promote the factory＇s technical innovation and reduce the cost. So, we should draft local legislation, which regulates the range of the tradable contamination, the initial distribution way of emission and the trading procedure to standardize the trading market. At the same time, we should determine the total environment capacity of Weihe to decide the distributable quota, and construct information channel to reduce the trading cost and ensure the citizen＇s right of being infomed.