头孢菌素类药物临床皮肤过敏试验种类的现状调查

A survey of the category for cephalosporin dermal test

目的规范头孢菌素类药物皮肤过敏试验(以下简称皮试)医嘱及方法,保障医疗和护理安全。方法查阅218份使用头孢菌素类药物病历,了解皮试医嘱及护士执行情况;调查55名护士对头孢菌素类药物皮试液的了解情况。结果218名病人共做各类皮试222次,其中青霉素皮试112例,占50.5%;头孢菌素皮试87次,占39.2%;6例无皮试医嘱,占2.7%。55名护士对头孢菌素皮试液配制正确率为14.5%,对皮试浓度知晓率为3.6%。结论头孢菌素类药物皮试医嘱及皮试方法亟待国家有关部门进行规范。

Objective To standardize medical order and method of cephalosporin dermal test so as to keep the security of medical treatment and nursing. Methods 218 case files which used cephalosporin were selected in this study and 55 nurses were investigated by a questionnaire to understand the knowledge about cephalosporin dermal test. Results 218 cases used cephalosporin dermal test 222 times totally,and penicillin dermal test was 50.5% （ 112/222）, cephalosporin dermal test was 39.2% （87/222）, no doctor orders for dermal test was 2.7% （6/222）. Among the 55 nurses,the correct rate is 14.5% in the duration of preparing the cephalosporin dermal test ,3.6% knew the concentration of the dermal test. Conclusion Doctor order and method of cephalosporin dermal test should be standardized by pertinent national policy.